Positioning

There may be times when you have a list, but you don’t want any bullets, or you want to use some other character in place of the bullet. Again, CSS provides a straightforward solution. Simply add list-style: none; to your rule and force the LIs to display with hanging indents. The rule will look something like this:

Borders

A pipe character, |, is often used to differentiate between choices. It is an obvious separating character, and can be emulated by adding borders to list items:

#pipe ul {
 margin-left: 0;
 padding-left: 0;
 display: inline;
 }

#pipe ul li {
 margin-left: 0;
 padding: 3px 15px;
 border-left: 1px solid #000;
 list-style: none;
 display: inline;
 }
 
  
#pipe ul li.first {
 margin-left: 0;
 border-left: none;
 list-style: none;
 display: inline;
 }

Here we add class="first" to the first LI so that it does not end up with a border on its left side.

Navigation

Navigation

As I mentioned previously, the menus of links that appear on nearly every site should really be marked up as lists, since that is what they are. Since we usually don’t want the default list style to apply to these links, we can use CSS to change the way they appear on the page. As we saw above, lists can be forced to display horizontally (inline) rather than stacked vertically (the default behavior). When you do this the bullet goes away and you have many choices about how to separate the list items.

These examples of horizontal lists will all use the same base DIV with the following styles:

#h-contain {
 padding: 5px;
 border: 1px solid #000;
 margin-bottom: 25px;
 }

The next two examples use the same UL as in the previous examples, but without the final list item with its extra text. They also include an additional class that sets apart one of the LIs in the list.

Camera

A camera is a device that records images, either as a still photograph or as moving images known as videos or movies. The term comes from the camera obscura (Latin for "dark chamber"), an early mechanism of projecting images where an entire room functioned as a real-time imaging system; the modern camera evolved from the camera obscura.

Cameras may work with the light of the visible spectrum or with other portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. A camera generally consists of an enclosed hollow with an opening (aperture) at one end for light to enter, and a recording or viewing surface for capturing the light at the other end. A majority of cameras have a lens positioned in front of the camera's opening to gather the incoming light and focus all or part of the image on the recording surface. The diameter of the aperture is often controlled by a diaphragm mechanism, but some cameras have a fixed-size aperture.

A typical still camera takes one photo each time the user presses the shutter button. A typical movie camera continuously takes 24 film frames per second as long as the user holds down the shutter button.

Camera Function

The camera or camera obscura is the image-forming device, and photographic film or a silicon electronic image sensor is the sensing medium. The respective recordin medium can be the film itself, or a digital electronic or magnetic memory.

Photographers control the camera and lens to "expose" the light recording material (such as film) to the required amount of light to form a "latent image" (on film) or "raw file" (in digital cameras) which, after appropriate processing, is converted to a usable image. Digital cameras use an electronic image sensor based on light-sensitive electronics such as charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The resulting digital image is stored electronically, but can be reproduced on paper or film.

The movie camera is a type of photographic camera which takes a rapid sequence of photographs on strips of film. In contrast to a still camera, which captures a single snapshot at a time, the movie camera takes a series of images, each called a "frame". This is accomplished through an intermittent mechanism. The frames are later played back in a movie projector at a specific speed, called the "frame rate" (number of frames per second). While viewing, a person's eyes and brain merge the separate pictures together to create the illusion of motion.[3]

In all but certain specialized cameras, the process of obtaining a usable exposure must involve the use, manually or automatically, of a few controls to ensure the photograph is clear, sharp and well illuminated.